Understanding the topic
Good comprehension involves understanding what a text states, identifying its main idea and distinguishing evidence from assumptions. An inference is a conclusion supported by clues, not a random guess.
Use the examples below as a starting point, then adapt the method to your own situation.
Step-by-step approach
Preview the title; read carefully; underline key facts; summarise each paragraph; check answers against the text.
- Identify the purpose and information you need.
- Follow the recommended method carefully.
- Check your result against the original purpose.
- Revise anything unclear or incomplete.
Examples at a glance
| Situation | Example | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| Main idea | A passage explains how public transport reduces parking demand. | The main idea is the relationship between transport and parking, not one bus timetable. |
| Explicit detail | The shop closes at 5 pm on Saturday. | The closing time is stated directly. |
| Inference | Dark clouds gathered and people opened umbrellas. | Rain is likely, but the passage may not say it has started. |
| Evidence check | “Every customer was satisfied” appears in an advertisement. | Treat it as a claim unless supported by reliable evidence. |
Four worked examples
Example 1: Main idea
Starting point: A passage explains how public transport reduces parking demand.
Example 2: Explicit detail
Starting point: The shop closes at 5 pm on Saturday.
Example 3: Inference
Starting point: Dark clouds gathered and people opened umbrellas.
Example 4: Evidence check
Starting point: “Every customer was satisfied” appears in an advertisement.
Common mistakes
- Confusing the topic with the main message.
- Using personal opinions instead of the passage to answer questions.
- Treating an inference as a confirmed fact.
Practice questions
Think about your answer, then expand each question to compare.
Question 1: What is the main purpose of reading comprehension strategies?
Good comprehension involves understanding what a text states, identifying its main idea and distinguishing evidence from assumptions. An inference is a conclusion supported by clues, not a random guess.
Question 2: What is a useful first step?
Preview the title; read carefully; underline key facts; summarise each paragraph; check answers against the text.
Question 3: How would you handle this situation: Main idea?
The main idea is the relationship between transport and parking, not one bus timetable.
Question 4: What does this example teach: Dark clouds gathered and people opened umbrellas.?
Rain is likely, but the passage may not say it has started.
Question 5: Name one mistake to avoid.
Confusing the topic with the main message.
Review checklist
- Can you explain the main idea in your own words?
- Can you apply the method to a new example?
- Have you checked the relevant facts, figures and instructions?
- Can you identify a common mistake and avoid it?